People suffering with muscle dysmorphia obsess about having a small and underdeveloped build. Even if they have good muscle mass, they believe their muscles are inadequate and are concerned that they are too little and too frail.

In almost all cases, sufferers are not small or frail. In fact, most have well developed musculature, and some even compete in body building events. Both women and men can be muscle dysmorphic. While no specific statistics are available, researchers believe that this body image disorder is more common in men, due to the “big and strong” culturally defined ideal male body type.

In attempting to fix their perceived small build, muscle dysmorphics compulsively lift weights, do resistance training, and exercise. They may also take steroids or other muscle-enhancing drugs, despite the potentially lethal consequences. Muscle dysmorphics typically cannot or will not stop their excessive exercise even if they are injured. The constant preoccupation with perceived muscular inadequacy can interfere with school, career accomplishments, friendships, and romantic relationships. Those suffering from this body image disorder are typically very self-conscious, making them unable to relax and enjoy life without worrying about how other people may be criticizing their smallness.

Those with muscle dysmorphia, through their compulsive weight-lifting regimens, may experience damaged muscles, joints, cartilage, tendons and/or ligaments.

Many people with this disorder resist getting treatment, claiming that they are content the way they are. Some admit they have a fear of becoming weak if they give up exercise and/or drugs. About half of all people with muscle dysmorphia refuse help and continue their unhealthy practices. For those that do seek treatment, the most promising method includes receiving simultaneous treatment from a sports medicine physician and counselor who works with athletes.

If you think you have an eating disorder, contact CAPS at (215) 898-7021 or The Renfrew Center of Philadelphia at 1-800-RENFREW.